3DMark DX12測試「救了」NVIDIA?異步運 - 3C

By Franklin
at 2016-07-20T18:28
at 2016-07-20T18:28
Table of Contents
3DMark DX12測試「救了」NVIDIA?異步運算比例太少
來源:
http://www.expreview.com/48331.html
當年AMD為了推廣自己的Mantle優化費了不少心血,但是當DX12及Vulkan到來時,AMD很快
就廢掉Mantle,因為DX12及Vulkan比Mantle支持更廣泛。事實也是如此,AMD不僅跟大多
數DX12遊戲開發商合作,在目前做過的DX12遊戲測試中,AMD顯卡一掃DX11的頹勢,部分
遊戲在DX12/Vulkan下甚至大爆發,《DOOM》遊戲中就是如此。3DMark日前也升級補丁支
持DX12了,但AMD顯卡實際上並沒有太明顯的優勢,這是因為Time Spy測試中對異步運算
所用較少,這對NVIDIA來說倒是救了命了。
說這個問題之前,大家也需要先瞭解一點背景知識:異步運算(Asynchronous Compute)
,詳細的技術就不多說了,大家只要知道異步運算是指在GPU運算過程中可以同時支持計
算或者圖形指令,好比一個人能做到同時喝水、吃飯一樣,支持異步運算因此可以明顯提
高並行效率。
http://i.imgur.com/oDTp3nd.jpg
AMD對異步運算支持的比較早,也比較完整,但NVIDIA顯卡支持不夠好
AMD、NVIDIA雙方在異步運算上的爭議也是由來已久了,AMD從GCN架構開始就重視異步運
算,其ACE引擎能同時支持多個計算或者圖形指令並行,而NVIDIA在異步運算上似乎不那
麼積極,我們也不知道這是技術還是策略方面的原因,但從此前《奇點灰燼》、《殺手》
及《DOOM》等遊戲上的表現來看,NVIDIA顯卡在異步運算支持上是有難言之隱的,直到
Pascal架構上NVIDIA才表示原生支持異步運算。
每一款支持異步運算的遊戲上市時,雙方都免不了一番糾扯,現在3DMark支持DX12測試的
Time Spy也發佈了,這次是NVIDIA顯卡陣營的影馳贊助了開發資金,所以Time Spy對正版
玩家來說是免費下載的。這幾天很多人也跑了這個測試了,不過在異步運算上,3DMark的
DX12測試被爆出異步運算所佔的比例太少,無形中讓NVIDIA顯卡佔了優勢,而低估了AMD
顯卡。
這個問題在Overclock論壇及Reddit上已經開始有人探討,這件事大家先別急著站隊,聽
我簡單說下過程:
在這次的言論中,極端的一方人為Time Spy根本沒有應用異步運算,不過3DMark的技術白
皮書中提到了DX12測試TimeSpy使用了異步運算技術,所以說Time Spy測試沒有異步運算
是站不住腳的。
不過Time Spy中的異步運算佔的比例確實不大,官方說每幀運算中異步運算所佔的比例是
10-20%。那麼這個比例到底是個什麼水平呢?可以橫向對比下其他遊戲中的異步運算,根
據網友們蒐集的資料,DOOM中異步運算比例是43.7%,AOTS(奇點灰燼)是90.45%(現在知
道為什麼AMD這麼喜歡用這個遊戲了吧),Time Spy測試中實際實際佔的比例是21.38%,
與官方說法相符。
有網友還援引AMD、NVIDIA雙方的技術白皮書來佐證這些問題,其中NVIDIA在介紹Pascal
的異步運算設計上表示他們使用的異步運算是搶佔式機制的(Preemption),而Time Spy
的3D隊列正好也是這種設計機制,每次有一個計算隊列被執行。
AMD的GCN架構也支持這種,但這種方式對並行及性能改善不大,AMD有更好的方式,而
NVIDIA在白皮書中也直言未來的GPU上他們希望用上更精細的異步運算方式,但這還有很
長的路。
TimeSpy的爭議就簡單說這麼多,問題的核心實際上還是出在AMD、NVIDIA兩家在異步運算
的設計上,當這兩家有技術分歧的時候,遊戲和評測軟件如何選擇就是個難題了——無論
使用哪種路線都不可避免陷入爭議,以《奇點灰燼》為代表的遊戲站在了AMD這邊,異步
運算所佔比例很大,AMD顯卡優勢明顯,而Time Spy算是另一個路線,異步運算佔的比例
不大,有批評者認為作為基準評測軟件,在這一點上他們是不公正的,異步運算佔的比例
都沒其他遊戲多。
http://i.imgur.com/NQaskxM.png
90.45% AOTS AMD R20無誤
--
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