rsync備份系統以及grub重新安裝 - Linux

原來的系統硬碟怪怪的，又有not start from physical sectors問題。
怕重新開機後開不了，以及想用新的分割，網路找到最佳方案似乎是用
rsync做系統移動。使用的OS是fedora21，以下是操作過程。

#Issue: some original OS SSD partitions do not start from physical sectors
and encounter failing probability. This may comes from direct system backup
using clonezilla from 256G SSD to 500G SSD
# Original SSD has 3 primary partitions, 1 extended partition, 1 logical
partition. New goal is to eliminate sector alignment issue and to
re-partition SSD


#Step A: partition new Disk
#Step A.1: make disk label as msdos
parted /dev/sdX mklabel msdos # (it seems gpt partition cannot work as
bootable device)

#Step A.2: partition new disk with parted.
#(This step could also be done with fdisk)
parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 1M 1G # creat /boot
parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 1G 3G # creat swap
parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 3G 99% # creat /
parted /dev/sdX mkpart primary 99% 100% # creat /home

#Step A.3: assign bootable partition
parted /dev/sdX set 1 boot on # make /dev/sdX1 bootable

Step A.4: format partitions and make swap
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX1
mkswap /dev/sdX2
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX3
mkfs -t ext4 /dev/sdX4

#Step B: Assign Old UUIDs into new Disk
#Step B.1: Show All UUIDs
blkid

#Step B.2: Update All UUIDs in new Disk
tunefs2 -U Old_bootPartion_UUID /dev/sdX1
mkswap -U Old_swapPartition_UUID /dev/sdX2
tunefs2 -U Old_rootPartition_UUID /dev/sdX3
tunefs2 -U Old_homePartition_UUID /dev/sdX4

#Step C:mount new Disk partions in /mnt
mount /dev/sdX3 /mnt
mount /dev/sdX1 /mnt/boot
mount /dev/sdX4 /mnt/home

#Step D:synchronize all system. Sometimes /boot must be
synchronize seperately
rsync -aAxHAX --progress /
--exclude={"/dev/*","/proc/*","/sys/*","/tmp/*","/run/*","/mnt/*",
"/media/*","/lost+found"} /mnt

#Step E:grub install
#Step E.1: grub install in new disk. Without this step,
BIOS could not identify new Disk as bootable device
grub2-install --boot-directory=/mnt/boot /dev/sdX

#Step E.2 make grub configurations
for i in /dev /dev/pts /proc /sys /run; do sudo mount -B $i /mnt$i; done
chroot /mnt
dracut -f #(Without this step, dracut could keep searching old disk
settings in booting process)
grub2-mkconfig -o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
# after chroot /mnt, system regard /mnt/boot as /boot.

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