俄羅斯央行提出加密貨幣與挖礦禁令 - 數位貨幣

新聞來源連結：https://reut.rs/3GNXYwf

新聞本文：

MOSCOW, Jan 20 (Reuters) - Russia's central bank on Thursday proposed banning
the use and mining of cryptocurrencies on Russian territory, citing threats
to financial stability, citizens' wellbeing and its monetary policy
sovereignty.

俄羅斯央行於周四提議禁止在俄羅斯領土使用與挖掘加密貨幣，指出其對於金融穩定性、
公民福祉與其貨幣主權政策的威脅。

The move is the latest in a global cryptocurrency crackdown as governments
from Asia to the United States worry that privately operated highly volatile
digital currencies could undermine their control of financial and monetary
systems.

這次禁令是目前從亞洲到美國各政府，對私人營運且高度不穩定的虛擬貨幣破壞政府對
金融與貨幣系統掌握的擔憂下，最新的封殺行動。

Russia has argued for years against cryptocurrencies, saying they could be
used in money laundering or to finance terrorism. It eventually gave them
legal status in 2020 but banned their use as a means of payment.

俄羅斯爭論加密貨幣問題已多年，主要針對對於洗錢與贊助恐怖組織等議題。
俄國最後在 2020 年賦予其合法地位，但禁止其作為支付工具。

In December, the price of bitcoin fell after Reuters reported, citing
sources, that Russia's regulator was in favour of a complete ban on
cryptocurrencies.

在12月，在路透社報導消息來源指出俄羅斯將全面禁止加密貨幣後，比特幣的價格下跌。

In a report published on Thursday, the central bank said speculative demand
primarily determined cryptocurrencies' rapid growth and that they carried
characteristics of a financial pyramid, warning that bubbles in the market
could form, threatening financial stability and citizens.

在星期四發布的一份報告中，俄羅斯央行表示，決定加密貨幣高速成長的主要原因是
投機需求，這些系統中可能有金融金字塔騙局的成分，警告其市場可能形成泡沫，並威脅
金融的穩定性與其公民。


The bank proposed preventing financial institutions from carrying out any
operations with cryptocurrencies and said mechanisms should be developed to
block transactions aimed at buying or selling cryptocurrencies for fiat, or
traditional currencies. The proposed ban includes crypto exchanges.

央行提議將防止金融機構進行任何加密貨幣相關的操作，並提出應該要建立機制封鎖以
法幣或傳統貨幣買賣加密貨幣的交易。提議的禁令包含禁止加密貨幣交易所。


CRYPTO MINING
挖礦

Russia is the world's third-largest player in bitcoin mining, behind the
United States and Kazakhstan, though the latter may see a miner exodus over
fears of tightening regulation following unrest earlier this month.

俄羅斯是比特幣第三大挖礦戶，僅次於美國跟哈薩克，雖然哈薩克可能因為近期的政治
動盪導致大量礦工恐懼監管加嚴而逃亡。

The central bank said crypto mining created problems for energy consumption.
Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies are "mined" by powerful computers that
compete against others hooked up to a global network to solve complex
mathematical puzzles. The process guzzles electricity and is often powered by
fossil fuels.

俄羅斯央行表示挖礦造成能源消耗上的問題。比特幣和其他加密貨幣是以強大的電腦
「挖掘」出來，與其他連結上全球網路的人共同競爭解決困難的數學問題。這個程序
極為耗電且通常消耗石化能源。

"The best solution is to introduce a ban on cryptocurrency mining in Russia,"
the bank said.

央行表示，「最佳解是在俄羅斯提出挖礦禁令。」

In August, Russia accounted for 11.2% of the global "hashrate" - crypto
jargon for the amount of computing power being used by computers connected to
the bitcoin network.

在去年八月，俄羅斯對全球「哈希率」－加密貨幣中表示連線到比特幣網路的電腦
所貢獻的運算能量的暱稱－的貢獻達到 11.2%。

In its report, the central bank pointed to steps taken in other countries,
such as China, to curb cryptocurrency activity. It said it would work with
regulators in countries where crypto exchanges are registered to collect
information about the operations of Russian clients.

在其報告中，央行點出其他國家，例如中國，抑制加密貨幣活動的作為。央行也表示
其將會與其他有交易所註冊的國家監管機構合作，以蒐集它們對俄羅斯客戶的營運狀況。

In September, China intensified its crackdown on cryptocurrencies with a
blanket ban on all crypto transactions and mining, hitting bitcoin and other
major coins and pressuring crypto and blockchain-related stocks.

去年九月，中國強化其對加密貨幣的禁令，全面性禁止交易與挖礦，導致比特幣和其他
主流幣價格下跌，也影響加密貨幣與區塊鍊相關的股價。

Russia's regulator said crypto assets becoming widespread would limit the
sovereignty of monetary policy, with higher interest rates needed to contain
inflation.

俄羅斯監管機構表示，加密貨幣資產快速發展下，可能會限制其貨幣政策之主權姓，
而目前需要增息以因應通貨膨脹。

It said the long-term potential of cryptocurrencies being used for
settlements was limited.

其並表示加密貨幣長期作為清帳工具的潛力實在有限。

Meanwhile, the Bank of Russia is planning to issue its own digital rouble,
joining the global trend to develop digital currencies to modernise financial
systems, speed up payments and counter a potential threat from other
cryptocurrencies.

同時，俄羅斯央行計畫發行其數位盧布，加入了全球現代化金融系統的開發數位貨幣潮流
加快支付並對應加密貨幣可能的威脅。

評論：
看起來專制國家要嘛全面禁止，要嘛會像中國搞全部綁定法幣且可監管的可控鏈...
雖然算是一錘定音了，可是消息傳了一段時間，應該不太會有立即影響才是

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